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Compilation of vaccine package inserts Childhood Cancers

Vaccines & Cancer

Compilation of Section 13 of various vaccine package inserts

How Vaccines Can Cause Childhood Cancers

What health organizations say about childhood cancers

American Cancer Society

“Cancers can be caused by DNA changes that keep oncogenes turned on, or that turn off tumor suppressor genes … 

“Some children inherit DNA changes (mutations) from a parent that increase their risk of certain types of cancer. … 

“But most childhood cancers are not caused by inherited DNA changes. … 

“Acquired mutations are only in the person’s cancer cells and will not be passed on to his or her children. … “

“But the causes of DNA changes in most childhood cancers are not known1.”

The National Cancer Institute:

“A number of studies are examining suspected or possible risk factors for childhood cancers, including early-life exposures to infectious agents; parental, fetal, or childhood exposures to environmental toxins such as pesticides, solvents, or other household chemicals; parental occupational exposures to radiation or chemicals; parental medical conditions during pregnancy or before conception; maternal diet during pregnancy; early postnatal feeding patterns and diet; and maternal reproductive history. Researchers are also studying the risks associated with maternal exposures to oral contraceptives, fertility drugs, and other medications; familial and genetic susceptibility; and risk associated with exposure to the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)2.”

What about vaccines?

 Vaccines include many of the cancer risk factors cited above:

  • Carcinogenic chemicals
  • Foreign fragmented DNA which can cause DNA mutations and are tumorigenic. 
  • Infectious agents – Known and unknown viruses and retroviruses which can turn off tumor suppressor genes and which can be cancer causing. 

Among the toxins in vaccines associated with cancers are:

Formaldehyde:

Formaldehyde is a known human carcinogen. It has been associated with several different types of cancers, particularly cancers of the hematopoietic and lymphatic systems, nasopharyngeal cancer, and lung cancer. Tests done on formaldehyde toxicity have focused on inhalation, drinking, and contact with skin; no tests have been performed to determine the toxicity of injected formaldehyde. It is a known DNA adduct, a chemical that bonds to a piece of DNA. This is a process which could be the start of a cancerous cell since when a chemical binds to DNA, the DNA gets damaged, resulting in abnormal replication3

25 of the 53 vaccines listed by the CDC have formaldehyde in them, including DTaP, Hib, HPV, Hep A, Hep B, Influenza, Meningitis, and Polio.

beta-Propiolactone:

“… No information is available on the chronic (long-term), reproductive, developmental, or carcinogenic effects of beta-propiolactone in humans. Squamous cell carcinomas of the forestomach have been reported in orally exposed rats. In dermally exposed rodents, skin tumors have been observed4.” 

Foreign DNA – Aborted fetal stem cell DNA:

Several live virus vaccines are cultured on human embryonic stem cell lines taken from aborted human fetuses in the 1960s. They are identified as MRC-5 and WI-38; the DNA in the aborted fetal cell lines had been fragmented under the supposition that injecting whole DNA is dangerous, but fragments are not5.

Insertional mutagenesis:

Through a process known as insertional mutagenesis, exogenous DNA can be incorporated into the cells of a host and cause carcinogenic mutations. Human embryonic stem cells are known to be tumorigenic6

Insertional mutagenesis, called transcension at the time, was known since the 1960s when scientists Anker and Stroun discovered that exogenous bacterial DNA will be taken up and incorporated into the host DNA of animals. In the 1990s they discovered that free-floating DNA fragments were associated with cancers7 8.

Whole, tumorigenic DNA was recently found in the Priorix Tetra  Vaccine (for measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella) by Corvelva, an independent lab. Below is an image of a normal human genome (complete DNA) and the one found in the vaccine9

Normal genome vs cancerous genome

Infectious Agents

Retroviruses: 

“Integration of new DNA into a cellular chromosome can alter the activity of nearby genes, sometimes affecting subsequent cell growth. A potent form of insertional mutagenesis involves integration of retroviral DNA produced by reverse transcription, a required step in the replication of retroviruses. In recent years retroviral replication has been adapted to allow new gene addition by retroviral vectors. Early in the history of retrovirus research, analysis of insertional mutagenesis in laboratory animals was found at times to result in transformation, leading to the discovery of cellular proto-oncogenes. In-depth analysis of the genetic consequences showed that integration of retroviral DNA could alter the gene activity in a variety of ways10.” 

“Insertional mutagenesis is a major concern with all of the integrating viral vectors and has been subjected to intense scrutiny since four cases of T-cell leukemia occurred in human pediatric patients with X-SCID 31–68 months after they received γ-retroviral vector-modified autologous HSC. This concern was further heightened when linker-mediated PCR analysis of lymphocytes from these patients revealed that insertional mutagenesis had occurred in all four patients and was at least partially responsible for the observed leukemogenesis11.”

Virus-Chemical Carcinogen Interactions

Studies in the 1960s revealed a synergistic effect between viruses that would normally not form cancers and carcinogenic chemicals that were in too small doses to cause tumors. A 1961 report on a study in mice revealed tumor formation in rats that were simultaneously exposed to injected virus and carcinogens:

“Single doses of pairs of viruses and organic carcinogens (in amounts too small in themselves to induce tumors) were administered to male Swiss mice free of polyoma virus. Malignant tumors developed in groups of mice injected with five of the carcinogen-virus pairs. 12”.

The interaction between viruses and carcinogens was reviewed and confirmed by other studies13

These studies raise the probability that vaccine viruses when combined with even small amounts of environmental pollutants, pesticides, and other toxic agricultural by products found in food, can induce cancer formation14.

Polio vaccine and cancer

HeLa Cells

In order to produce a vaccine, the virus first needs to be grown on a cellular medium. Salk initially used HeLa cells to grow the poliovirus and test the vaccine before it was manufactured for human use. HeLa cells were cells from the cervical cancer tumor of a women named Helen Lacks 15.

Cancer causing virus in the polio vaccine

In 1960, the Salk killed virus polio vaccine, grown in rhesus monkey kidney cell cultures, was discovered by Bernice Eddy, an NIH (National Institute of Health) scientist, to harbor a cancer causing virus. Later that year it was identified as SV40 (the 40th known simian (monkey) virus) which was shown to cause cancer in rodents. Despite her warnings,  the vaccine was not withdrawn from the market and, with full knowledge of the health agencies, was given to more American children. In the US, 100 million children were given this vaccine between 1954 and 1963 when it was discontinued in favor of the live oral polio Sabin vaccine. The Sabin vaccine was grown on African Green Monkey cells since they were said to rarely be affected by SV4016. However, the vaccine seed stocks used for the Sabin vaccine were from the Salk vaccine. Despite the manufacturer’s claims to the contrary, it was discovered that the seed stocks from the Salk vaccine were not adequately tested to make sure that they were cleared of SV40. Potentially SV40-contaminated oral polio vaccine was given to children through 1999, when it was discontinued in the US and replaced by the inactivated vaccine.

“The absence of confirmatory testing of the seeds, as well as testimony of a Lederle manager, indicate that this claim of removal of SV40 and the testing for SV40 in all the seeds cannot be fully substantiated. These legal documents and testimony indicate that the scientific community should not be content with prior assumptions that SV40 could not have been in the oral polio vaccine. Only further investigation by outside scientific and independent researchers who can review the test results claimed in the January 1997 meeting and who can conduct their own independent evaluations by testing all the seeds and individual mono-valent pools will assure that SV40 has not been present in commercially sold oral poliovirus vaccine manufactured by Lederle17.”

Hilleman admits contamination and expects cancers

Maurice Hilleman, chief of Merck’s vaccine division at the time SV40 was found to have contaminated the polio vaccine, tested and found SV40 in the Sabin vaccine that was being put through clinical trials in Russia at the time. It was already known that other vaccines grown on living tissue contained carcinogenic viruses, such as the smallpox vaccine containing the leukemia virus. Hilleman felt that SV40 could have even worse long term cancer effects. There was no press release about these findings. Hilleman said this was a scientific affair within the scientific community. Watch the interview with Dr. Hilleman below as he describes this period.  

Increased cancers

An analysis of the SEER government database from 1973-1993 showed greater rates of ependymomas (37%), osteogenic sarcomas (26%), other bone tumors (34%) and mesothelioma (90%) among those who were administered SV40 containing vaccines that those of an unexposed birth cohort18.

In 2001, the Institute of Medicine Immunization Safety Review Committee stated that:

“… in light of the biological evidence supporting the theory that SV40 contamination of polio vaccines could contribute to human cancers, the Committee recommends continued public health attention in the form of policy analysis, communication and targeted biological research19.”

Molecular biology and epidemiologic studies suggest that SV40 may now be passed from person to person by horizontal infection, in absence of a SV40 containing vaccine. SV40 footprints have been found in high prevalence in human brain and bone tumors, mesotheliomas, and lymphomas and with kidney diseases, and at lower prevalence in blood samples from healthy donors20.

When Eddy discovered the tumorigenicity of the vaccine in 1960, her boss at the NIH did not believe her. Her discovery also threatened one of the country’s most important public-health programs and she was removed from her vaccine regulatory duties and her laboratory.

In the 1990s another NIH employee, Michele Carbone, studying the way SV40 induces cancer in animals, tested human mesothelioma tumour biopsies at the National Cancer Institute. He discovered that 60% contained SV40 DNA and in most of them, the monkey virus was active and producing proteins. He published his findings in the May 1994 edition of Oncogene; the NIH refused to publicize them; other employees promptly contested his findings. After leaving the NIH, Carbone discovered that SV40 disables tumour suppressor genes in human mesothelioma. In July 1997, he published his results in Nature Medicine21. 

CDC on the polio vaccine and cancer

This page on the relationship between the polio CDC polio vaccine datavaccine and cancer caused by SV40 (image on right), web archived but removed from the CDC website in October 2019), denied that the OPV contained SV4022. However, another CDC webpage acknowledges that the Sabin vaccine also contained SV40: “Most of the contamination was in the inactivated polio [Salk] vaccine (IPV), but it was also found in oral polio [Sabin] vaccine (OPV)23.”

To this day, despite a plethora of evidence showing otherwise, the CDC contends that the evidence is not sufficient to show that SV40 causes cancers in people24.

Vaccine strain polio virus shedding

In March 1959, Albert Sabin published a paper in the British Medical Journal, Present Position of Immunization Against Poliomyelitis with Live Virus Vaccines25, where he acknowledged that vaccine strain shedding of the polio virus was a known fact.They were monitoring the situation carefully and testing the feasibility of the oral polio vaccine in trials with hundreds of thousands of children.

Sabin on oral polio vaccine shedding

Growing vaccines on human tumor cell lines

In 2001 an FDA document, “Designer” Cells as Substrates for the Manufacture of Viral Vaccines, discussed the use of cell lines made tumorigenic in order to grow particular viruses for vaccines which do not grown well on the standard substrates, such as the AIDS virus. Potential dangers of using these vaccines were reviewed, including the ability to cause cancer or infections in the recipient and mitigating factors, contamination by adventitious agents (toxins and viruses that are often infectious) for which assays to detect unknown agents may become available, and the risk of TSE, transmissible spongiform encephalopathy, and possible methods of detection 26 27." target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">https://wayback.archive-it.org/7993/20170404095417/https:/www.fda.gov/ohrms/dockets/ac/01/transcripts/3750t1_01.pdf[/ref].

In 2014 the FDA convened a meeting to discuss the use of tumorigenic cell lines from human tumors in the production of vaccines.  

“…three examples of human tumor derived cells that are proposed for use as vaccine cell substrates.vaccine cell substrates. … The A549 lung adenocarcinoma cell line, which is proposed for use for adenovirus-vectored vaccines for antigens like influenza, HIV or anthrax.CEM derived cells, which come from a lymphoblastic T cell leukemia, proposed for use in an inactivated HIV vaccine, and HeLa cells, which comes from cervical carcinoma, proposed for use for an AAV-vectored HIV vaccine.

“So the big question that we really have to consider, then, is: Is there a potential risk for making vaccines in tumor derived cells? The theoretical risk comes from the fact that, in contrast to many other products, vaccines are often difficult to purify to high levels. And that then leads to the question of whether residual cellular components from tumor-derived cells could pose a safety concern28.”

Sometime afterwards, the FDA initiated a biologics research project to investigate the dangers of latent cancer causing viruses in tumorigenic cell lines.

“The use of tumorigenic and tumor-derived cells is a major safety concern due to the potential presence of viruses such as retroviruses and oncogenic DNA viruses that could be associated with tumorigenicity. Therefore, detection of persistent, latent DNA viruses, and endogenous retroviruses in vaccine cell substrates is important for vaccine safety, particularly in the development of live viral vaccines, where there are no or minimal virus inactivation and removal steps during vaccine manufacturing29.”

Vaccine safety testing

“Mutagen and carcinogen are two physical, chemical or biological factors that may cause changes in normal cell division in organisms. Approximately, 90% of the carcinogens are mutagens. The somatic cell mutations can cause cancers. The main difference between mutagen and carcinogen is that mutagen causes a heritable change in the genetic information of an organism whereas carcinogen causes or promotes cancer in animals and humans. Mutagenesis is the mechanism by which the change in the genetic material occurs…” 30

Per section 13 of all vaccine package inserts, vaccines have not been tested for carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, or impairment of fertility [in humans]31

Why not?

Related: Increase in Childhood Cancers

Footnotes[+]

Chart of childhood cancers Childhood Cancers

Increase in Childhood Cancers

https://www.cancer.gov/images/cdr/live/CDR776061.jpg

Childhood Cancer Statistics

United States

Incidence of Childhood CancerWhile survival rates of five years or more for childhood cancers have increased in the US from 58% in the 1970’s to the current rate of 84%, the incidence of childhood cancer has been increasing over the past decades. About 11,050 children under the age of 5 will be diagnosed in 2020, and about 1,190 are expected to die. Cancer is the second leading cause of death in children ages 1 to 14, accidents being the first1.

Overall, among children and adolescents (ages 0 to 19) in the United States, the most common types of cancer are leukemias, brain and central nervous system tumors, and lymphomas. Among children (ages 0 to 14 years), the most common types of cancer are leukemias, followed by brain and other central nervous system tumors, lymphomas, soft tissue sarcomas (of which half are rhabdomyosarcoma), neuroblastoma, and kidney tumors (1). Among adolescents (ages 15 to 19 years), the most common types of cancer are brain and other central nervous system tumors and lymphomas, followed by leukemias, gonadal (testicular and ovarian) germ cell tumors, thyroid cancer, and melanoma2.

Government statistics, from 1975-2016, show an overall increase of 13 per 100,000 cases to 18.5 per 100,000 cases for the following cancers in children ages 0-19:

  • Bone and Joint
  • Brain and Other nervous
  • Kidney and Renal pelvis
  • Leukemia
  • Acute lymphocytic leukemia
  • Non-Hodgkins lymphoma
  • Soft tissue

Only Hodgikin’s lymphoma has decreased in incidence during this time period3.

Australia

 According to research published in the Medical Journal of Australia, cancer increased 1.2% per year between 2005 and 2015, and is expected to rise 7% more over the next 20 years4.

Global

Graph-global increase in childhood cancers

Worldwide statistics (see image at right) show that childhood cancers are increasing for children between 0-19 years. Childhood cancers have increased from 124.0 per million person years in the 1980s to 140.6 per million person years in 2001-20105.

The largest increase was seen in infants. In children less than 5 years old, cancer rates increased for both common types of childhood leukemia, one brain tumor subtype, neuroblastoma and hepatoblastoma (except Southern Asia). Hepatoblastoma, which is a rare liver tumor, had the largest increase in incidence in 11 out of 15 regions, ranging from 1.9-6.5 percent per year). The only cancer to decrease over that period was astrocytic tumors in the brain6.

 

Footnotes[+]

WHO

WHO Global Vaccine Safety Summit

On December 2-3, 2019, the World Health Organization (WHO) hosted a vaccine safety summit in which leading scientists, researchers, and doctors from around the world attended. Discussion on the second day included acknowledgment that the status of vaccine safety is rather precarious, the science isn’t up-to-date and long-term adverse effects are not well-known and are hard to study.

Here are some outtakes from the summit:

Professor Heidi Larson:

There’s a lot of safety science that’s needed and without good science we can’t have good communications… it absolutely needs the science as the backbone. You can’t repurpose the same old science to make it sound better if you don’t have the science that’s relevant to the new problems.
We need much more investment in safety science.

 

The biggest problem with vaccine skepticism online is that

‘a lot of it is not misinformation’ and that there is ‘a lot of ambiguity in the safety field.’

 

The other thing that’s a trend and an issue is not just confidence in providers but confidence of healthcare providers. We have a very wobbly health professional front line that is starting to question vaccines and the safety of vaccines. That’s a huge problem.… If we lose that, we’re in trouble.

 

We’ve talked about it earlier, some of the challenges are that our frontline professionals are starting to question, or they don’t feel that they have enough confidence about the safety to stand up to it to the person asking them the questions.”

“I mean, most medical school curriculums, even nursing curriculums, I mean in medical school you’re lucky if you have a half day on vaccines, never mind keeping up-to-date with all this.

 

Prof. Stephen Evans, LSHTM:

It seems to me that adjuvants multiply the immunogenicity of the antigens that they are added to and that is their intention. It seems to me they multiply the reactogenicity in many instances and therefore it seems to me that it is not unexpected if they multiply the incidence of adverse reactions that are associated with the antigen but may not have been detected through lack of statistical power in the original studies.

Now I wonder if this thinking is correct and, if it is, whether this has some implications for the way we do pharmacovigilance because one vaccine that is has one antigen and an adjuvant and another vaccine that has a different antigen and no adjuvant, the reason for the difference is not immediately obvious.

The major health concern which we are seeing are accusations of long term, long term effects so what we have to bear in mind is that we don’t use adjuvants by themselves the adjuvant is used in combination with an antigen and an adjuvant may be give quite different responses depending on which antigen it is combined with, so the fact that an adjuvant is shown to be safe with one antigen might give a different response with another antigen because of other things that are with that with that second antigen including impurities.

So to come back to the (not clear) once again point to the regulator’s. It comes down to ensuring that we conduct the Phase Two and the Phase Three studies with adequate size and with the adequate appropriate measurement.

 

Prof. Heidi Larson

… the adverse events aren’t really about the vaccine but the vaccine experience. We’ve heard this morning about the Japan situation, we had a series of what had been assessed in the absence of any other organic links, psychosomatic reactions to vaccines … These are some of the girls in Japan whose mothers have court cases claiming that they were damaged by HPV vaccines … This is in Denmark. They’re all lined up. This was a group of girls … we’ve got the same problem … this was in Ireland, similar girls lining up in front of a health official … This is Columbia, six hundred girls across multiple schools in a district in Columbia had the same symptoms as these others place.

I just want to show you what’s been going on in YouTube to create mimic reactions. … We’re seeing a real change in the nature of these reactions because of social media. … This is … stress-related immunization reactions … This is a whole range of symptoms that are real symptoms. They may not have been cause by the contents of vaccines. They could be attributable more to the vaccination experience but it affects the whole confidence in the system if governments don’t know how to deal with all this.

See also: ‘No Evidence’: The Truth About Gardasil

Watch the entire summit proceedings here.

 

Featured image  © Yann Forget / Wikimedia Commons

FDA

Does Pharma Funding Compromise the FDA?

FDA sign in front of building

How the FDA Lost Independence

The FDA (Food and Drug Administration), a division of the US Department of Health and Human Services, is charged with overseeing the safety of food and pharmaceuticals. But how independent can an agency be when it is receiving funds in the form of user’s fees from the very companies they are supposed to be regulating?

A 2003 PBS’ Frontline article, How Independent is the FDA?, a compilation of excerpts from some of their interviews  with agency insiders and watchdog groups (see more here), sheds light on how the FDA has moved from its mission of protecting the public health to protecting the health of the very companies whose drugs they are supposed to be independently reviewing.

Industry Pressure on the FDA and Scientists?

The individuals whose excerpts are included and the positions they held at the time of the interview include:

  • Sidney Wolfe, M.D., Director of Public Citizen’s Health Research Group from its founding in 1971;
  • Steven Galson, M.D., Acting director of the FDA’s Center for Drug Evaluation and Research;
  • Raymond Woosley, M.D., Vice President for Health Sciences at the University of Arizona, he was a top candidate to become FDA commissioner in 2002; and
  • John Kelly, M.D., Ph.D., Spokesman for the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA), the industry’s lobbying organization.

Until 1992, the FDA was funded entirely by the US government, but in 1992, the Prescription Drug User Fee Act was enacted, requiring drug companies to pay the FDA to have their drugs reviewed and approved. This, Wolfe said, influenced the FDA to consider the industry to be their client, rather than the public. Additionally, he said, there are many individuals in the FDA’s drug division who are reluctant to go against the pharmaceutical companies and Congressional oversight, which used to hold the FDA accountable, has dwindled.

According to Woosley, the User Fee Act and pharma lobbying has skewed the balance of FDA activities away from safety. From the excerpt:

Is the balance of the FDA out of whack, in your opinion?

I think the FDA is so grossly underfunded for its mission that it is out of balance because of user fees. User fees enable the agency to hire people to work for the industry… The teams that are needed to do drug safety are infinitely more than what they’ve got right now. We don’t have a safety system in this country.

Why is the safety part resisted so adamantly? How do you explain it?

The budgets of the FDA are determined by lobbyists who call for money to be spent in certain ways. The user fee is negotiated to be spent on reviewers. Until recently, none of the money that was sent by the pharmaceutical industry for user fees could be used for drug safety. Now that’s changing — not to the rate I’d like to see it. Some of the money can now be spent for drug safety, but that was impossible until recently. It’s only because many of us have screamed that that has to change has it changed. …

What’s the lobbying in terms of safety?

Nothing. They’re not lobbying for safety. … The pharmaceutical industry doesn’t lobby for safety. They lobby for rapid review, rapid access to the marketplace. … When the papers came out from the Institute of Medicine talking about medical errors and medical harm, I thought surely there would be action taken and the agency would be given money to increase its safety net. But it hasn’t happened. …

Galson and Kelly don’t agree with the above assessments. Galson rejects the notion that the FDA is influenced by the pharmaceutical companies saying:

We don’t really feel pressure to please the industry. We feel quite independent among the scientists. We have a large number of mechanisms for assuring high quality of the reports that we do to make decisions about new drugs. We just reject that we’re actually influenced by that. In fact, what’s happened over the course of the user fee activity is we’ve been able to hire a lot more people, improve the expertise of the people that we do have, provide more tools to our employees. So we think it’s really helped the review process.

Kelly believes the User Fee Act has been beneficial to the public, allowing the FDA to approve more drugs in a more timely manner.

This is something that was largely pushed by the pharmaceutical industry. Give us some history from the industry’s perspective.

The pharmaceutical industry is remarkably productive. We develop a number of new medicines every year. Part of the challenge that we’ve found was occurring a number of years ago — that the FDA didn’t have the resources to do the reviews in a timely and effective way. So PDUFA was a way to help improve the resources available to the Food and Drug Administration so they could review pharmaceuticals.

This act has been very effective. It has improved the efficiency of the review process. It has not changed the standards or the review process, so the drugs that are ultimately approved by the Food and Drug Administration are determined by the FDA to be safe and effective. So PDUFA has worked very, very well in helping to improve timely access to beneficial medicines. …

Is it possible that FDA personnel are not susceptible to influence by the industry that pays most of their wages?  Is it possible that it has not changed standards or review?

Consider the experience that Dr. Stuart Rich (read his interview here) recounted in his capacity as a consultant to the FDA. American Home Products, the American licensee of a European drug found to cause a fatal, incurable disease in Europe, planned to sell it in the US. Despite objection by many within the FDA, it was ultimately, and suspiciously, approved and went to market without the black box warning that the company had negotiated away.

Rich then published a paper in a medical journal about the dangers of the drug and was interviewed on national television about his report.

What did you say on the Today show?

… Basically, what I said was nothing that was not mentioned in the paper …– that the drug carrier risked a very high risk of developing this fatal disease; that it should not be prescribed lightly; … Do not prescribe it carelessly. Do not assume that there is no serious side effect, because, in fact, it’s a potentially serious drug.

So what happened right after your appearance?

Well, interestingly, I got a phone call from [an executive] from American Home Products. …Unchanged: When I got back to my office at the medical center earlier that morning, he called me directly. He told me he saw my interview on the Today show, and warned me that it was very dangerous for me to talk to the press about that; that if I had any issues regarding their product that I wanted to publish in a scientific journal, so be it. But if I spoke to the media about their drug, bad things would happen.

What did you understand that to mean, “Bad things would happen?” I mean, those are actually the words he used?

“Bad things would happen” was the exact phrase he used. … I took the threat very, very seriously. I decided, OK, it’s a little unpredictable when you talk to the press anyway — sometimes you want to say a story, and it comes out a little differently — so maybe I wouldn’t talk to the media. I never did, from that point on, and I was approached by all of the major news stations — CBS, ABC, NBC. …

I never talked to the press again. Because I didn’t know what they had in mind. They are a very big, a very powerful company. …

Fortunately, he found other means with which to work to have the drug recalled, which is what ultimately happened. He concludes:

The drug approval process is a difficult one. I will tell you that I’ve had a lot of interaction with the FDA. The overall majority of the people are dedicated, hardworking, concerned, caring, wonderful people. But they’re human.

There is a very powerful pharmaceutical lobby called PhRMA that, like the other corporations in America, tries to have every legislation done in their best interest. One of the problems with the FDA today is a law where the pharmaceutical companies are actually paying the cost of the FDA. … There is a conflict there. It’s an overt conflict. It’s in the FDA’s best financial interest to be favorable to the pharmaceutical industry, because that’s where their support comes from. I think that was a bad law, and that probably should be changed. But working in those constraints, I think they’re doing the best they can.

The pharmaceutical industry is in the business of developing new drugs with the ultimate goal of improving our lives. There are financial interests involved. … There’s great profit in this industry.

… The public expects that a doctor will do his best, that a drug will be safe, that a hospital will be careful. They have every reason to expect that, and they are betrayed when they’re not. Accidents happen, but when it’s an intentional betrayal, that’s a problem. Hopefully, things will get better.

Related Articles:
Drug and Vaccine Approvals in Light of Pharma Funding

Additional Resources:
Politics, Profits & Pharma

FDA

Drug and Vaccine Approvals in Light of Pharma Funding

The Prescription Drug User Fee Act

Calls by the pharmaceutical industry, as well as doctors and patients to speed up the drug approval process resulted in passage of the Prescription Drug User Fee Act in 1992. The act did help speed up the drug approval process, decreasing it from an average of 30 months to 16 months.

As explained in an article detailing the results of a POGO (Project on Government Oversight) investigation, FDA Depends on Industry Funding; Money Comes with “Strings Attached”, the act expires every five years, when the FDA must negotiate with the pharmaceutical industry to keep paying the fees. The result of the regulator negotiating with the very industry to be regulated means that the FDA is not free to use the money it receives from industry in any way it sees fit. In 1992 these fees were 35% of the FDA’s funding for drug review; by 2016 the fees made up 71% of oversight funding.

….In practice, the FDA has interpreted that to mean negotiate over how it spends the money and assesses drugs. The negotiations produce recommendations for Congress and an FDA “commitment letter” laying out goals for the agency. It’s unclear what would happen to the user fees if the FDA and industry didn’t agree on terms.

This arrangement gives the pharmaceutical industry extraordinary influence over its government overseer. It leaves the regulator beholden to the regulated.

The Act’s affect on drug approvals

Here are just three of many examples of  drugs which should never have been approved:

… FDA reviewers and advisory committee members were unable to reconcile the patient testimonies with the data the drug maker had gathered. The “testimonies spoke of improvement; the data showed progressive worsening,” Unger wrote, using italics for emphasis.

The FDA’s decision ultimately rested with Robert Califf, the head of the agency, who formerly ran clinical trials for drug companies. Califf concluded that the drug’s “clinical benefit has not yet been established.”

He approved it anyway.

FDA Depends on Industry Funding; Money Comes with “Strings Attached”

In 2011, the FDA approved the blood thinner Xarelto to prevent strokes in heart patients despite the fact that the manufacturer-sponsored clinical trial on which the FDA based its decision had a potentially crippling flaw: it relied on faulty blood testing devices that had already been the subject of two FDA warning letters.

And

… Pradaxa, a new-generation blood thinner approved in 2010 and later named in many reports of deadly bleeding. The FDA approved Pradaxa on October 19, 2010, precisely the target date for FDA action—also known as the “PDUFA date”—dictated by the user fee regime’s accelerated timetables.

FDA Set Low Bar for Approval of Blood Thinners

The Act’s affect on vaccine safety

According to Children’s Health Defense, Rubber Stamping—The FDA and Vaccines—Conflicts of Interest Undermine Children’s Health: Part IV:

Captured agencies operate “essentially as…advocate[s] for the industries they regulate,” abrogating their duty to act in the public’s interest. Vaccine and drug fast-tracking provide a clear example of FDA regulatory capture. In 1992, Congress passed the Prescription Drug User Fee Act, allowing pharmaceutical companies to make payments to the FDA (called “user fees”) in exchange for expedited approval of drugs and biologics, including vaccines. Additional legislation in 2012 further facilitated “accelerated” approval by allowing the FDA to use surrogate endpoints to evaluate a drug or vaccine rather than waiting to assess longer-term clinical benefits….In fact, government authors who churn out boilerplate articles about vaccine safety exhibit a fondness for the notion that post-vaccination mishaps are simply a fluke. Industry, too, likes to tell the public that it has “guidelines and algorithms” to differentiate between a post-vaccination adverse event that “may” be causally related to a vaccine versus an event that is coincidental to vaccination.Even when the adverse event in question is a death “temporally associated with vaccination,” government researchers like to rely on the coincidence argument—all the while conceding that “loved ones and others might naturally question whether it was related to vaccination”! This, despite admitting to “rare cases where a known or plausible theoretical risk of death following vaccination exists,” …

With the FDA’s disproportionate reliance on user fees to fill out its budget, and silly arguments about “coincidences,” it is difficult to make a convincing case that the agency’s vaccine licensing decisions remain uncontaminated by pharmaceutical industry preferences. …

Related articles:
Does Pharma Funding Compromise the FDA?

Additional resources:

Rodef Shalom 613

Rodef Shalom 613